EVI-X Modeling Suite Accelerates Optimized Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Deployments

NREL’s EVI-X Suite Is the Premier Resource for EV Charging Infrastructure Analysis
at Regional, State, and National Levels

Massive public and private investments are being made to support the buildout of electric
vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure in the United States, but efficient planning
and deployment requires sophisticated analysis to ensure convenient, reliable, affordable,
and equitable charging for all Americans.

This is where the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) comes in. Leveraging
its decades of EV charging infrastructure expertise, the laboratory developed the
EVI-X Modeling Suite of EV Charging Infrastructure Analysis Tools, the most sophisticated and comprehensive set of integrated charging infrastructure
analysis tools available today.

“Each tool in the EVI-X modeling suite shares the same philosophy: to accelerate convenient
and affordable EV adoption by lowering every possible barrier to EV charging infrastructure
deployment,” said NREL’s Eric Wood, a senior EV charging infrastructure researcher who plays a key role in developing
and refining the suite. “We’ve added everything we understand about human behavior
and charging preferences to simulate what an EV charging network should look like
to meet peoples’ needs, whether they drive a small sedan or a heavy-duty tractor trailer.”

“We take the stance that EV adoption needs to be a no-compromise solution,” he continued.
“EV charging, as we see it, should be easy, convenient, and never fail to meet drivers’
needs.”

In addition to identifying the necessary number and type of EV chargers—ranging from
fast, high-power public charging stations to slower, Level 1 (120-volts AC) and Level
2 (208–240-volts AC) charging ports—to support large-scale EV adoption, the EVI-X
suite enables researchers, partners, and others to pinpoint locations best suited
for EV charging station installation, estimate associated costs and charging loads,
and develop optimal solutions for effective integration—all before monetary and time
investments are made.

“While some of the tools in the EVI-X suite were developed years ago, others are relatively
new,” Wood said. “Originally, each tool in the suite was developed independently,
but as they matured, we began to realize that linking them together would enable us
to answer deeper questions. And today, we can even link tools in the EVI-X suite with
other tools in NREL’s portfolio to explore EV adoption scenarios, power systems modeling, and more.”

The EVI-X suite has the unparalleled ability to answer the most complex questions
addressing every aspect of EV charging—from network planning and site design to financial
analysis—for every vehicle weight class—from sedans and SUVs to delivery vans, buses,
freight trucks, and more—and at wide-ranging geographic scales—from a small town to
the entire nation. Because it is agile enough to account for changing variables, such
as improving EV technologies and growing consumer adoption, the EVI-X suite can provide
accurate EV charging analysis for today and in the decades to come.

Three Types of Tools in the EVI-X Suite

The tools in the EVI-X suite fall into three crosscutting categories:

• Network planning tools to quantify EV charging infrastructure needs such as the number, type, and location of charging ports to support different levels
  of EV adoption; recommended power levels; the potential grid impacts of increasing
  EV adoption, plus strategies to lessen stress on the grid; accessible and affordable
  charging; optimized charging for fleets and ride-hailing services; long-distance travel
  along highway corridors; and finding utility partners for infrastructure installation
• Site design tools to inform EV charging station designs related to energy estimation and site optimization; composition and size of EV fleets;
  placement of charging station equipment; sizing and control of behind-the-meter energy
  storage; and the feasibility of dynamic roadway charging
• Financial analysis tools to assess costs associated with EV charging infrastructure such as station and network economics, the levelized cost of charging, and investor
  payback period and risk analyses.

Research-Grade EVI-X Tools Enable Complex Analyses

Powered by NREL’s world-class high-performance computing and simulation capabilities,
the EVI-X suite is comprised of research-grade tools as well as publicly accessible,
simplified versions of select tools.

The suite’s research-grade tools are used by NREL researchers in powerful computing
environments to conduct multifaceted analyses:

• The Electric Vehicle Infrastructure – Projection Tool (EVI-Pro) estimates the quantity and type of chargers needed to meet a given demand and identifies
  associated power demands on the electric grid. It accounts for differences in vehicle
  and charger technologies, market adoption conditions, the shared use of chargers,
  and travel and charging preferences.
• The Electric Vehicle Infrastructure for Road Trips Tool (EVI-RoadTrip) simulates the optimal number and location of charging stations and associated power
  demands on the electric grid to enable long-distance travel along interregional highway
  corridors.
• The Electric Vehicle Infrastructure – In Motion Tool (EVI-InMotion) analyzes the feasibility and optimization of dynamic chargers on public roadways
  and evaluates their impact on vehicle efficiency, driving range, and charging time.
• The Electric Vehicle Infrastructure – Energy Estimation and Site Optimization Tool (EVI-EnSite) informs the design, development, and control of optimized charging infrastructure
  deployments and station operations.
• The Electric Vehicle Infrastructure – Enabling Distributed Generation Energy Storage Model
  (EVI-EDGES) configures cost-effective behind-the-meter energy storage and distributed energy
  generation systems based on the climate, building types, and utility rate structures
  associated with potential EV charging infrastructure sites.
• The Heavy-Duty Electric Vehicle Integration and Implementation Tool (HEVII) evaluates the electrification potential and infrastructure requirements for commercial
  vehicle fleets. It provides customized specifications and recommendations for optimal
  vehicle battery sizes, charging rates, and infrastructure placements.
• The Electric Vehicle Infrastructure for Equity Model (EVI-Equity) evaluates the accessibility, affordability, and decarbonization benefits of EVs and
  charging infrastructure and provides high-resolution data for designing equitable
  EV charging infrastructure deployments.
• The Electric Vehicle Infrastructure – Ratio Tool (EVI-Ratio) identifies the number of fleet vehicles likely to transition to EVs in the next vehicle
  replacement cycle and determines related charging infrastructure requirements.
• The Electric Vehicle Infrastructure – Distribution System Integration Tool (EVI-DiST) provides high-fidelity modeling to utility planners, allowing for better monitoring
  and control of increased EV charging loads.

Publicly Available EVI-X Tools Offer Easy Access

To provide policymakers, utilities, businesses, and all levels of government with
free access to best-in-class EV charging infrastructure insights, many EVI-X tools
have been made available to the public. These tools can inform optimized, cost-effective
planning and deployment of new EV charging infrastructure and the grid upgrades needed
to support them.

Lite Versions of EVI-X Tools Feature Intuitive Online Interfaces

Simplified versions of some of the tools in the EVI-X suite are available as online
tools that provide fast, powerful insights to users without requiring in-depth technical
knowledge or high-performance computing power.

For example, the recently launched EVI-RoadTrip Lite tool is a streamlined version of EVI-RoadTrip. The full-scale version of EVI-RoadTrip
is primarily accessible to researchers via proprietary software and extensive computational
resources. But now, with EVI-RoadTrip Lite, anyone can access the web version of the
tool to gain insight into optimized EV charging infrastructure installations along
major travel corridors.

“Corridor charging stations, primarily located along highways in rural locations,
are critical for enabling widespread EV adoption, giving drivers confidence in traveling
beyond the cities and towns where they live,” said NREL’s Lauren Spath Luhring, a senior researcher and software developer who helped create the tool.

EVI-RoadTrip Lite builds on the success of EVI-Pro Lite, a simplified version of EVI-Pro that features two tools in one: a daily charging-need
tool for estimating how much EV charging infrastructure is needed to support typical
daily travel in a given state or metropolitan area, with an option for ride-hailing
applications; and a load profile tool for estimating power demands on the electric
grid for typical daily charging in a given state or city.

“The addition of EVI-RoadTrip Lite to our collection of publicly accessible ‘lite’
tools enables users to gain a more complete picture of charging needs and associated
power demands for local daily charging and long-distance road trips,” Spath Luhring
added. “Available to anyone with access to the internet, these tools are utilized
by local communities, state policymakers, utility companies, fleet operators, vehicle
manufacturers, EV charging station operations, and the general public alike.”

Strategic Partnerships Result in Historic Impacts

The EVI-X suite enables NREL researchers to conduct customized analyses in collaboration
with government entities, vehicle manufacturers, charging network operators, electric
utilities, public utility commissions, research institutions, and more.

In the last few years alone, NREL researchers have worked closely with an array of
federal agencies including the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, and the Joint Office of Energy and Transportation. NREL has also partnered
with state agencies and research institutions including the California Energy Commission,
the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority, and the Electric Power
Research Institute, as well as numerous industry partners.

“The EVI-X suite enables actionable insights at a never-before-seen level of detail,”
said NREL’s Brennan Borlaug, a senior research analyst focusing on EV charging infrastructure. “We have used
it to conduct multiple analyses in partnership with federal and state agencies, helping
to inform billions of dollars in planned EV charging investments.”

For example, NREL researchers tapped into the EVI-X suite to perform analyses supporting
the national charging infrastructure provisions of the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law,
including the National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Formula Program. The Bipartisan
Infrastructure Law brought about game-changing legislation representing the largest
federal investment in EV charging—with $7.5 billion available for EV charger deployment
along highway corridors to facilitate long-distance travel and within communities
to provide convenient charging where people live, work, and shop.

In another project, researchers employed tools in the EVI-X suite, in conjunction
with NREL’s Transportation Energy & Mobility Pathway Options (TEMPO™) Model, to conduct the 2030 National Charging Network Study. Funded by the Joint Office of Energy and Transportation, this groundbreaking study
identified the number, type, and location of chargers needed to create a comprehensive
national network of EV charging infrastructure to support an anticipated 30–42 million
EVs on the road by 2030.

To guide utility distribution planning for this new charging network, NREL researchers
teamed up with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Kevala, and the U.S. Department
of Energy to assess the charging and grid infrastructure needed in five U.S. states
illustrative of the nation’s diverse travel demands and utility infrastructure. The
first-of-its-kind Transportation Electrification Impact Study estimates the investments in charging and electrical infrastructure needed to support
increased EV adoption. It also explores strategies to manage loads and found net benefits
to the electric system.

“The fundamental contributions that the EVI-X team has made to the national EV charging
infrastructure landscape will outlive any individual study,” said Gabriel Klein, executive
director of the Joint Office of Energy and Transportation. “They will likely go on
to shape public and private infrastructure investments for many years to come.”

As new state and national policies drive increasing EV adoption, the EV charging landscape
must grow rapidly to support more EVs on the roads. NREL’s EVI-X modeling suite is
designed to help.

“EVI-X is the most powerful and comprehensive software suite built specifically to
help the United States rise to the challenge of building right-sized, cost-effective,
and convenient EV charging infrastructure; ensure effective use of private and public
investments; and meet the needs of fleets, businesses, utilities, and individual drivers,”
Wood said. “Trusted by federal and state agencies and industry partners alike, EVI-X
has only just begun to help make affordable, reliable, and equitable EV charging a
reality for the nation.”

Learn more about NREL’s sustainable transportation and mobility research and world-class data and tool resources, including the EVI-X Modeling Suite of EV Charging Infrastructure Analysis Tools. And sign up for NREL’s quarterly transportation and mobility research newsletter,
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